Infamous criminal Griselda Blanco Essay Example Essay Example

Infamous criminal: Griselda Blanco Essay Example Paper Infamous criminal: Griselda Blanco Essay Introduction Infamous criminal: Griselda Blanco An infamous criminal can be described as one with a notoriously bad reputation due to their deeds. Griselda Blanco is one of the largest and infamous crime masterminds of all time in the American crime history (Streatfeild 45). She operated in one of the most ruthless ways imaginable. She was mainly involved in the drug trade consisting of mainly drugs such as cocaine, which was highly lucrative and still is quite lucrative for any criminal. She is remembered well due to her ruthless way of operating and the ability to escape the law enforcement agencies. She is said to have been responsible for the deaths of more than 500 people on a conservative estimate. She came to be known as the ‘Cocaine Queen’ or ‘la Madrina’ due to her vast control and influence in the cocaine drug trade. Griselda Blanco was born on February 15 1943 on the northern coast of Colombia (LaSala 11). She later moved to Medellin when she was just at a ten der age of three years old. She began her violent behavior at a tender age because of being battered by her abusive mother. At the age of eleven, she is said to have kidnapped and shot the child she had kidnapped from the neighboring areas of her slum neighborhood, as she tried to seek ransom. When she had attained adolescence, she had perfected several arts such as stealing and at one point; she was quite skilled at pick pocketing people. Due to the persistent violence at her home, she decided to leave her abusive mother and move elsewhere. She did not manage to finish her education, and at her preteen age, she had become a prostitute to be able to survive in the streets. She was a prostitute for quite some years before she eventually met her first husband in the line of her duties in Medellin. She met Albert Bravo in the mid 1970’s who facilitated her emigration to the United States where they settled in Queens, New York. This would serve as a platform for the beginning of her expansive drug trade. With the aid of her husband, they both began a sizeable cocaine business, which only spanned for several years before she was indicted by the law enforcement agencies on charges of drug conspiracy with more than thirty of her subordinates. She managed to escape the authorities and fled to Colombia. This was because the case against her was the largest drug related case at that time in history. However, despite the warrants for her arrest still being in place, she managed to sneak back in the United States in the late 1970’s and went to Miami (LaSala 23). Blanco was one of the forces behind the prominent killings that plagued Miami as gangs tried to establish control and outdo each other. This became to be known as the cocaine cowboy wars when cocaine became the most used illegal drug surpassing marijuana at that time. She had a strong distribution network across the United States, which raked in an average of $8 million a month. She was extremely rut hless in her operations that fueled the violence by other gangs because they saw her as a threat, and she also considered other gangs as threats to her operations. Thus, it became a battle for supremacy and control over the drug trade. Due to aggravated rates of murder and the many fruitless attempts to have her eliminated, she was prompted to move away from Florida to California (Smitten 17). The drug trade in Miami was estimated to be worth more than $ 21 billion. This is still evident with the presence of beautiful villas and condominiums and other luxurious establishments such as casinos, hotels and restaurants that are a predominant sight in Miami and the whole of Florida. In 1985, she was arrested by the authorities for and taken to court where she was sentenced to ten years in jail. After her release in 2004, her whereabouts were still a mystery. The cocaine cowboy wars had a solid impact on the American people and the cities she went to because of her ruthless and aggression in getting whatever she considered worth having. When she came to America, she was among the first people to penetrate the drug market successfully in quite a short time, whereas she did not have any knowledge about the United States or even the language itself. She became highly influential in setting a precedent for drug trade amongst the immigrant population. In New York, the drug trade had not grown into a large-scale operation, but Blanco’s impulsiveness and aggression led to the growth that resulted in the seizure of her drug cache, which was considered as one of the largest during that point in time. This set the stage for more drug traders who were usually immigrants trying to make names for themselves and seek livings in a highly lucrative drug market. Blanco also made the drug trade what it is today. Her ruthless and heartless way of trading set a precedent in the drug trade that is the norm in the world of drug trade. In the modern world, drug trade is characteriz ed by the numerous mass murders. She operated in a way that anyone who dared oppose her was killed by her gang of cronies, who she had hired to do her dirty work. She managed to kill her three husbands, meaning she did not have any emotional connection with any of them. This also shows that she did not tolerate any form of competition or force of opposition. This is a regular characteristic of drug traders because they never establish emotional connection. This is fascinating because during her time in Colombia she was helped by her husband to immigrate to Queens, New York yet she did not spare his life despite of both being husband and wife (Smitten 20). She is a fascinating person because of the way she had disregard for the American laws. She did not care about being arrested by the authorities despite being wanted for arrests in New York where she had managed to escape before being arrested. How she managed to escape the arrests is still a mystery to everyone. However, there are possibilities that due to her vast resources she was able to have a spy working for her to alert her of any possibilities of being arrested. In addition, the American public and the world are still fascinated by her ability to thrive in a male dominated society. Her dominance may have been attributed to her disregard for the law and her ruthlessness in the conduct of the trade. Because she did not tolerate any competition, she was able to gain respect from other drug traders who eventually feared her, as they did not want to end up as other rivals who were murdered heartlessly. Blanco was a manipulative and controlling woman. She managed to use her husbands in getting into the drug trade and later killed them. She also had control of mercenaries who were at her disposal. It is fascinating how she was able to control very ruthless and heartless men who could have betrayed her at any time possible. Her influence on the people around her was immense and might be attributed by her char acter and her vast monetary resources from the drug trade (Streatfeild 23). Blanco managed to survive an era that was dangerous. Even though she was the cause of most of the deaths in the Cocaine Cowboys era, she still had rivals who wanted to eliminate her. Before she ran away, she had committed her first murder at the age of eleven, a murder that was described as a child killing another child. The ability to kill at such a tender age is still unbelievable. What prompted her to commit such a heinous act is still ambiguous to the public and the world. Her behavior might be attributed to the abuse she faced while she was still young from her mother. At the age of twelve, she ventured into prostitution, what prompts such a young girl to venture into the prostitution without being forced into the trade is still beyond human comprehension. How she survives in the outside world is still beyond human comprehension for such a young girl without anyone to offer her the guidance and protecti on. What fueled her hunger for power is still unclear to many people because she did not relent in her quest for more power and control of the drug trade. She went to great extents to achieve all the material wealth and power she exhibited (King, 21). However, she lost all this in her quest for more control and power as she recklessly murdered people in order to maintain the status quo, which saw that she was the sole provider of the drugs in the market. She managed to operate for a long time in Miami despite previous attempts to have her arrested in New York. She managed to conduct her business, yet the police and the authorities knew of the business she was conducting (LaSala 14). She lived a very promiscuous life, and was famed for being bisexual and having several playboys who she later used as her mercenaries. This brings out the question as to whether she fancied men or women or more so, why was she promiscuous. Her disregard for her husbands shows that she was a dominating wo man because she would not tolerate any form of being dominated; thus, she became ruthless to a point of killing her husbands. Her dominance spread such that she was able to control a bunch of hoodlums who acted as her agents in the streets .She remains one of the most conspicuous figures in the criminal world who had a very negative impact in the world as some criminals considered her as a mentor. Thus, the mentees who enter into the drug view her actions as fit for the survival in the drug trade and they emulate what she did by being ruthless in conduct of the trade. This is evident by the numerous deaths that are instigated by the drug traders. When she was released fro prison and deported back to Colombia she vanished completely only with a single sighting of her at the Bogota Airport. How she vanished completely from the drug trade is still hard to comprehend with her enemies still in her pursuit to avenge what she did to them taking advantage of her vulnerability due to the lac k of resources or the mercenaries that she had. Her influence continues to be felt across the world with powerful women in society being attributed to have the same character traits to enable them to live in a male dominated world that requires a lot of aggression to achieve ones goals and objectives. There has never been any other woman who has risen to the heights that she did in the drug trafficking world (Smitten 48). Work Cited King, Susan. â€Å"A look back at Miami’s vices: drugs, cash, killings†. Los Angeles Times. 30 Oct. 2006. 20-22. Print. LaSala, Francine. Mistresses of Mayhem: The Book of Women Criminals. Indianapolis, IN: Alpha, 2002. Print. Streatfeild, Dominic. Cocaine: An Unauthorized Biography. New York: Thomas Dunne Books, 2002. Print. Smitten, Richard. The Godmother. New York: Pocket Books, 1990. Print. Infamous criminal: Griselda Blanco Essay Thank you for reading this Sample! We will write a custom essay sample on Infamous criminal: Griselda Blanco Essay Example specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Infamous criminal: Griselda Blanco Essay Example specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Infamous criminal: Griselda Blanco Essay Example specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer

Robinson Crusoe and Pride and Prejudice by Daniel Defoe and Jane Austen

Robinson Crusoe and Pride and Prejudice by Daniel Defoe and Jane Austen Introduction The novels Robinson Crusoe and Pride and Prejudice by Daniel Defoe and Jane Austen respectively, share a lot. Characterization and themes that the two novels portray are drawn from the medieval British society. This implies that the two novels use huge amounts of realism as a technical element that facilitates their themes.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Robinson Crusoe and Pride and Prejudice by Daniel Defoe and Jane Austen specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More At the one hand, it is recognizable in Defoe’s novel that the use of real events to steer the plot has been immense. In the novel, Robinson Crusoe, Defoe describes it as a history of facts that seeks to portray the social institutions and structures of the medieval British society. Indeed, he uses real experiences of the protagonist who had spent quite some time alone. Undoubtedly, this is a reflection of the real life of Alexander Selkirk in uninhabited island. The author uses his skills to describe minute details in such an elaborate way that the reader cannot question the presence of reality in the novel (Black 129). For instance, he describes the minute details of Crusoe’s activities like building the fence, harvesting his grains and digging the cave amongst many others. Using circumstantial method, Defoe brings out the aspect of realism in the novel. According to Myers, he describes the success of the protagonist in growing crops that gives him a platform through which he brings on board the technical element of realism (176). It is apparent that Defoe also introduces a wrecked ship in novel that facilitates the survival of Crusoe. Another technical skill that has typified Defoe’s use of realism is in the characterization. He portrays Friday’s gratitude and behavior in a very natural way. This is in consideration of the fact that Crusoe had saved his life from cannibals. It therefore becomes nat ural for him to show gratitude to the protagonist, which inspires the realism in the novel.Advertising Looking for essay on british literature? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Finally, he narrates using precise dates that the protagonist stayed in uninhabited island after being swept ashore by unfavorable sailing conditions. In fact, these dates coincides with the real dates of the real character, Alexander Selkirk whose experiences have largely inspired the novel (Black 192). On the other hand, Jane’s novel, Pride and Prejudice, depicts the reality of the society in the nineteenth century. Precisely, her depiction of events in the novel reflects the society of the time. DeMaria says that it is clear that throughout the novel she uses such stylistic devices as irony and contrast to highlight the theme of social relationships in the society (591). Use of letters and other medieval means of communication through out the novel are critical and realistic elements that portray the themes as being relevant to the medieval British society. Like Defoe, Austen uses characterization to display the reality of social values and beliefs. The characters such as† Bennets† have used their subjective beliefs to choose the course of their lives. Apparently, society shapes people’s beliefs and values and imparts them on individuals during the process of socialization (Black 72). Elizabeth (one of the Bennets) contrasts with Mr. Collins who believes that the social system’s ideals dictated that women were supposed to submit to men. Besides, he believes that women should not acquire any property and act as custodians of men’s wealth. He asserts his arguments with confidence owing to the prevalent social values and norms (DeMaria 592). However, Austen introduces such characters as Elizabeth to appraise the discriminating social system that favored a patriarchy. The use of chara cters to depict reality of the society has as such, facilitated the novel to highlight major themes. Further, realism is explicit in the novel when the author highlights the theme of marriage. In nineteenth century, women bore gender roles that openly discriminated them from decision-making processes of the society. Mr. Collins asserts this claim by believing that Elizabeth could not reject him after he makes a marriage proposal (Myers 87).Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Robinson Crusoe and Pride and Prejudice by Daniel Defoe and Jane Austen specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More It becomes clear that he attributes his subsequent rejection to women’s modesty of the time. This implies that it was very unusual during the nineteenth century for a woman to reject men advances. Indeed, society attributed rejection to pride borne by liberal women and young feminists (like Elizabeth). It was therefore an exception rather than a norm. Austen compares with Defoe in depiction of dates that clearly depicts the periods that their novels portray. Austen shows the rise of gender equality and women empowerment that took shape in the century. She describes discriminative land ownership practices that had typified the era (Black 231). Finally, the two novels contrast in their main themes. While Defoe chose to explore the rise of British imperialism, Austen tends to dwell on the pertinent issues that affected women and the marriage institution. The protagonists in the novels play different roles but present them in a very realistic way. Nonetheless, the depiction of reality in the two novels is overwhelming. Discussion of Pride and Prejudice The novel has wide variety of themes that are apparent in the plot. Mary points this out at the onset of the novel where she claims that human beings are vulnerable to pride. Pride blurs the ability of some characters to see the truth. This makes them unable to attain hap piness in their lives. Particularly, Elizabeth’s pride presents an impediment to her marriage with Darcy. Her vanity leads to impaired judgment of Darcy and Wickham in which she thinks well of the latter and perceives the former as evil. However, she comes to realize that her pride had led her to wrong inferences. Further, Darcy is proud owing to his social status and disparages anyone who occupied lower social status. He also writes a letter to Elizabeth asking her to abandon vanity and begin to use reason (DeMaria 577). Austen also uses Prejudice as a major theme in the novel. It is important to point out that the prejudice is intricate to other themes. Darcy uses social-economic prejudice to scorn other members of the society that occupy lower classes. Besides, Elizabeth’s prejudicial and unfounded beliefs make her to believe that she could make impeccable judgments. She realizes in the end that she could not and that she had been wrong in a number of occurrences.Ad vertising Looking for essay on british literature? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More DeMaria points out that Austen explores family institution as a major theme that characterized the medieval society (579). The novel depicts the family institution as that which is endowed with the responsibility of inculcating morals and intellect to the children. For instance, â€Å"Bennets† fail to educate their children leading to explicit naivety, promiscuity and shame exhibited by Lydia. Elizabeth’s manages to get some positive virtues after she receives some informal education from the Gardiners. In fact, only the Gardiners are portrayed in the novel as a family that showed concern for the girls’ welfare (Myers 42). This theme is in tandem with the roles of women and the marriage. All the characters in the novel hold the concept of marriage with such intensity that they all long for marriage. Elizabeth eventually accepts to get married to Darcy despite her beliefs regarding marriages. The context of family and marriage provides a platform that Austen uses to explore the idea of gender disparities. In the 19th century, women suffered from myriad of injustices among them being discrimination due to their gender. Although Austen attempts to depict women as equal to men, it is apparent that the society had preservation for this perspective (Black 171). It is a patriarchal society where women were supposed to be the obedient and submissive to their husbands. The society denied women the rights to own property as well as access to education and employment opportunities. Evidently, the â€Å"Bennets† fail to educate their five daughters and remain convinced that women had no rights to education. Finally, class and social stratification has typified the entire novel. In particular, Darcy represents a major character that is full of pride and conscious of his social status. He perceives class as a phenomenon that is not only composed of wealth but also inclusive of other factors. Gardiners are depicted as occupying lower economic clas ses but their intellect and virtue have leveled their class with other characters that are affluent. Other than class, Austen also highlights the theme of individual and society. The society takes precedence even in the private matters of its members. Specifically, Lydia’s elopement with Wickham is scandalous in the whole society and she becomes a disgrace to her family (Black 179). Besides, Darcy’s failure to reveal the Wickham’s true behavior is seen as a failure to honor social obligations and duties. Despite the society’s involvement in individuals’ private lives, Austen questions its capacity to make right inferences regarding different characters. Historical Development of Realism Realism emerged in the mid 19th century and reflected a shift from initial literary works that were typical of romantic idealism. It gives more attention to the subject matter and characters and depicts the true nature of the contexts. Although it coincided with the Victorianism, realism has the ability to remove subjectivity in the novels. It employs journalistic approaches of reporting ‘as is’ without imparting personal beliefs and values. Harrison asserts that much of the literature work that have realism as a core element stand out from the rest for their true portrayal of the events and characters as they happened in the real world. Henry Fielding has often been referred as the pioneer of the style. In the novel, Joseph Andrews, Fielding uses a wide scope and keenly observes the requirements of realism. His perception of the medieval England portrays a true picture of England at the onset of Industrial revolution (Black 171). The novel highlights characteristics of human nature through characterization. For instance, he portrays selfishness and meanness of humans after Joseph had been robbed and left for the dead. The only reason the community rescues him was the fear of being held accountable for his death. This aspect of re alism is also manifest in the novel Pride and Prejudice in which Austen portrays the society in a true way. The presence of class disparities is typical of the two novels making it possible to portray realism (Myers 73). Although Daniel Defoe’s novel, Robinson Crusoe was published earlier, he is not short of realism. He depicts the British society during the exploration of the world by giving the real occurrences in the life of Alexander Selkirk. It is in such novels whose use of realism was able to appraise social system and structures. Realism has been used in different novels to give shape to themes. In Pride and Prejudice, it is apparent that the Austen describes the characters of the novel with emphasis of minute details. Through realism, she is able to address social issues that affect specific social groups. As such, realism gave writers platform where they could appraise prevalent social system. Similarly, Virginia Woolf in the novel To the Lighthouse uses realism to highlight the need for equality within the society. Henry Fielding also used realism to appraise particular aspects of the society. Conclusion In sum, Defoe and Austen bear similarities in the manner that they explore their themes. Although they differ in their central themes, the use of realism is evident throughout their novels. Austen’s novel, Pride and Prejudice uses characters and real events of the 19th century to highlight the themes of pride, prejudice, social class, gender inequalities and marriage. Realism has been typical of many novels since the 18th and 19th centuries. At the very minimum, it helps novels to meet the demands of reality with objectivity and giving details to characters, events and objectivity. Black, Joseph. British Literature: A historical Overview, Toronto: Broadview Press, 2010. Print. DeMaria, Robert. British literature, 1640-1789: an anthology, New York: Blackwell Publishers, 2008. Print. Harrison, Martin. Realism in Literature, London: Rout ledge, 1998. Print. Myers, Walter. The later Realism: A study of characterization in the British Novels, London: Ayer Publishing, 2001. Print

What a Hypothesis Is and How to Formulate One

What a Hypothesis Is and How to Formulate One A hypothesis is a prediction of what will be found at the outcome of a research project  and is typically focused on the relationship between two different variables studied in the research. It is usually based on both theoretical expectations about how things work and already existing scientific evidence. Within social science, a hypothesis can take two forms. It can predict that there is no relationship between two variables, in which case it is a null hypothesis. Or, it can predict the existence of a relationship between variables, which is known as an alternative hypothesis. In either case, the variable that is thought to either affect or not affect the outcome is known as the independent variable, and the variable that is thought to either be affected or not is the dependent variable. Researchers seek to determine whether or not their hypothesis, or hypotheses if they have more than one, will prove true. Sometimes they do, and sometimes they do not. Either way, the research is considered successful if one can conclude whether or not a hypothesis is true.   Null Hypothesis A researcher has a null hypothesis when she or he believes, based on theory and existing scientific evidence, that there will not be a relationship between two variables. For example, when examining what factors influence a persons highest level of education within the U.S., a researcher might expect that place of birth, number of siblings, and religion would not have an impact on the level of education. This would mean the researcher has stated three null hypotheses. Alternative Hypothesis Taking the same example, a researcher might expect that the economic class and educational attainment of ones parents, and the race of the person in question are likely to have an effect on ones educational attainment. Existing evidence and social theories that recognize the connections between wealth and cultural resources, and how race affects access to rights and resources in the U.S., would suggest that both economic class and educational attainment of the ones parents would have a positive effect on educational attainment. In this case, economic class and educational attainment of ones parents are independent variables, and ones educational attainment is the dependent variable- it is hypothesized to be dependent on the other two. Conversely, an informed researcher would expect that being a race other than white in the U.S. is likely to have a negative impact on a persons educational attainment. This would be characterized as a negative relationship, wherein being a person of color has a negative effect on ones educational attainment. In reality, this hypothesis proves true, with the exception of Asian Americans, who go to college at a higher rate than whites do. However, Blacks and Hispanics and Latinos are far less likely than whites and Asian Americans to go to college. Formulating a Hypothesis Formulating a hypothesis can take place at the very beginning of a research project, or after a bit of research has already been done. Sometimes a researcher knows right from the start which variables she is interested in studying, and she may already have a hunch about their relationships. Other times, a researcher may have an interest in ​a  particular topic, trend, or phenomenon, but he may not know enough about it to identify variables or formulate a hypothesis. Whenever a hypothesis is formulated, the most important thing is to be precise about what ones variables are, what the nature of the relationship between them might be, and how one can go about conducting a study of them. Updated  by Nicki Lisa Cole, Ph.D

Organization development Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Organization development - Essay Example The diagnosis of M-restaurant is conducted to identify â€Å"what is the current situation of the restaurant†. Next, required changes for the restaurant refer to â€Å"what is the goals† are clarified. Finally yet importantly, the core question concerning â€Å"how to get the goals† will be taken into discussion. M-restaurant organization development is the application of behavioral science knowledge to make an improvement in the organizations health. It improves internal relationship and speeding up problem-solving skills. Organizational development of M-restaurant is a planned effort in the whole organization and managing it from the top, accelerating M-restaurant organization effectiveness and health through planned interventions in the process of using behavioral science in the M-restaurant organization. This management must be from top. This top management must be committed to, and knowledge about the goals of the program and it is mandatory and actively take part in the management effort. This focuses on the M-restaurant organization as whole; plant, firm or work group to attain the set focused outcomes. M-restaurant organization development contains both professional fields of social action and area of scientific inquiry. This involves the generation and continues reinforcement of chance by using four major interventions, techno structural, human process, human resource, and strategic intervention. Part of M-restaurant organization development concentrate more and heavily on a different kind of chance than others. Its main intention is to improve company’s full strength in productivity and profits. There is also the ability to solve its problems also to manage change. This process has been categorized into three main steps; entry, normative change, and structural change. The stage entry stage has the goal of establishing a felt need for change using three approaches, interviewing, survey information and other modes to give

Statistical Methods Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2750 words

Statistical Methods - Assignment Example It is also important to note that gender and level of satisfaction may have things that cannot be deemed as job orientated or appear to divulge applicants inner feelings and thoughts. It is, therefore, the responsibility of the management to ensure that every employee feel appreciated and important in the place of work. Several studies have revealed a positive relationship between gender and the extent to which they feel their work is interesting. Most employees want to enjoy their work hence they will prefer to work on firms where they feel comfortable. However, the level at which an employee enjoy his or her work depends on the gender of the employee. Some jobs are better enjoyed by female employees as compared to male employees; and vice versa. In this regard, this study tries to understand the relationship between gender and extent to which respondents feel their work is interesting. The study uses 200 respondents from three employers- Smith Ltd, Jones Plc and Farmhouse. The variables used for the study gender, employer, enjoying the work, services, food, professional and many more. The number of respondents of the study was 200 with three employers-that is Smiths Ltd, Jones Plc. and Farmhouse. The number of respondents that participated in the survey in terms of gender was 96 and 104 for male and female respectively. This represents 47.8% and 51.7% respectively. As mentioned above, the employers were Smiths Ltd, Jones Plc. and Farmhouse. In this regard, 72 of the respondents were from Smiths Ltd while 70 and 58 of the respondents were from Jones Plc. and Farmhouse respectively. The number of male and female respondents from Smiths Ltd is 36 and 36 respectively. The number of male and female respondents from Jones Plc. is 37 and 33 respectively. On the other hand, the number of male and female respondents from Farmhouse is 23 and 35 respectively. The average weekly wage considering the three companies was 353.9990 with the highest paying company

Segregation from 1955 to 1963 Essay Example for Free

Segregation from 1955 to 1963 Essay How far is it accurate to say that significant progress had been made in segregation from 1955 to 1963? This period was certainly of prime importance. During this era, the rate of protest versus segregation really began to increase, building on the momentum of the decade before. It was also during this period that tension and resentment grew to the level that lead to the development of more radical organisations, although they did not come to the fore themselves before 1963 55 to 63 was mainly characterised by peaceful protest. The highest profile and most remembered of these was in 1955, the Montgomery Bus Boycott a watershed for the movement, proving that peaceful resistance especially when the action created economic fallout could be successful in forcing change. The event also proved that, after the debacle of the ambiguous Brown Vs Board of Education ruling, that a grass roots approach could influence direct change. The story is well versed; the NAACP was looking for an event with which to legitimise a boycott, and it came when Rosa Parks an NAACP employee herself was asked to leave her seat for a white man, and refused. After being arrested and fined, Martin Luther King proposed a boycott by all blacks of the city bus transit system, relying instead on carpools to get around, or taxis driven by blacks who modified their fares to be equal to that of a bus journey. The protest lasted over a year, during which protesters were attacked, and buildings firebombed by white supremacists. However, once nationwide attention was brought to the cause, the tide turned in the boycotts favour; in June 1956 the supreme court ruled that public transport segregation in Alabama was unconstitutional, a ruling Alabama finally accepted in December. The protesters emerged victorious, and the movement had found its first widely known leader King. The event, undoubtedly, was a significant leap forward due to nationwide coverage brought the plight of southern blacks to the attentions of northern white moderates. Other peaceful, grassroots protests followed, such as the Greensboro and Nashville sit-ins. Here, black students along with white sympathisers would defy segregation by sitting in white only areas, such as the lunch counter in the Greensboro Woolworths department store. On the first day of the protest, 4 students sat at the counter all day, refusing to leave (they were not served). The next day, the number grew five fold to 20; this became 60 on the third; and more than 300 on the fourth, a monumental level of escalation, showing the amount of people opposed to segregation who were willing to step in. As with the bus boycott the breakthrough was the media attention generated, and, much like before, the protests became a national news story, drawing praise from the President. Although not the first sit-in, it was the highest profile one so far and inspired copycat protests all across the south, some with dramatic results (desegregation in Nashville, for instance.) By not responding to attackers (who poured hot coffee over them or beat them) the protesters, to most onlookers, were unequivocally the good guys, leading to the protests successes. Also of note was the Birmingham Campaign, organised by King and the SCLC, which effectively shut down the city of Birmingham a city of intense segregation. As with most of the other protests it was the national attention that the protesters sought, and they found it due to police brutality and the use of water cannons against the protesters, something of a national outcry developed. Although desegregation in the city itself continued slowly, the city became generally more accepting of blacks and the incident played a major part in the 1964 civil rights act, proving its significance. King emerged from the campaign at arguably his highest popularity yet, and embarked on the March on Washington afterwards. Up to 300,000 blacks and moderates arrived at the capital and marched to the Lincoln memorial, where King delivered his timeless I have a dream speech. This was really the culmination of Kings popularity and national coverage of the civil rights issue in fact, more cameras had been set up to film the event than at Kennedys inauguration. However, the advances from 1955 to 63 were not all grassroots in nature, such as the Little Rock incident, in which 9 blacks were barred at first from enrolling in a local school and turned away by guards but later, under the protection of Brown Vs Board of Education were allowed in (soldiers were even drafted in to defend them), proving that, although the ruling had been ambiguous as to when exactly schools had to be desegregated, top down approaches could be effective when enforced directly. However, there were serious limitations to the effectiveness of desegregation during this period. Even during this period, tensions within the civil rights movement were growing, and indignation built over the fact that so little seemed to have been accomplished. This was particularly pronounced with students; they had lived through segregation and unfair laws, and now that they were young adults, many of them had seen no change. King had promised much but delivered little within their lives, and a lifetime is a long time. Thus, many became disillusioned with King and what he preached i.e, peaceful protest. As far as they had seen, peaceful process had accomplished nothing, and so, borne out of this was a new, more radical movement. This began with the formation of more proactive organisations, such as the SNCC, and continued with the emergence of radical leaders such as Malcolm X, who had a very different view to King on how to achieve an end to Jim Crow. This was the beginning of not only more violent protesting but also black power, both of which went on to weaken the peaceful protestors cause as evident cracks emerged in the civil rights movement and its leaders. With blacks engaging in violence and black supremacy being taught, the civil rights movement lost the moral high ground in the eyes of many would-be moderates, and the influence of white supremacy groups grew as a result. Malcolm Xs constant attacks on King, including criticism of the March on Washington seriously undermined Kings position. Another limiting factor was the sheer scale of the resistance in the south to desegregation, and the fierce adherence to tradition. This was encapsulated in the violence during the freedom rides, an entirely peaceful event from the protestors side, anyway. The police ignored the violence and even flat out supported it (one of their excuses as to why they werent available to defend the protesters was that all the officers had to go and see their mothers on mothers day, an insultingly bad excuse, and one whos meaning could not have been clearer: We honestly could not care less (or could care less, this being the US)). Bearing in mind that all the protesters were doing was sitting busses moving through southern states the level of violence was truly shocking; white activists were not spared either. They were beaten, had their eyes gouged out, were burnt, and the busses trashed. Ambulances refused to take them to hospital and, as had become so common, none of the attackers were arrested, with senior officials implying that the activists had it coming. Attitudes like this really test the notion that segregation had made significant progress; indeed, the rides themselves were for the purpose of seeing if, in these traditional southern states, rulings on interstate bus travel being desegregated had been accepted. The answer an emphatic no. Eisenhower leaned off slightly on civil rights after the progress made by Truman, leading to a slowdown in the activity of top-down desegregation approaches, although this was not entirely negative, seeing as many southern states had seen Trumans executive orders as meddling, and resented federal intervention on a state level. Grassroots approaches had been shown to be significantly more effective because they came from within a state and were able to attack it directly. Kennedy, too, made no great headway with civil rights, promising to end segregation with the stroke of a pen before election but turning his attention towards Russia and the Cold War in office. In conclusion, while, like the decade before, 55 63 was a major era for the advancements of civil rights and desegregation, with grassroot, peaceful activism making many gains and top down measures continuing to trickle through, the emergence of popular leaders and high profile, nationwide coverage of the plight of American Negroes becoming commonplace, and growing support from white moderates coming together to create significant victories and advances, drawbacks remained. These included the stubborn, traditionalist nature of the south, presidents who took a backseat when it came to civil rights and a fractured movement, with many young blacks rejecting the teachings of King. Overall however I feel that significant progress had been made in this period despite the drawbacks, rather than being nullified by them.

Essay on Appearance versus Reality in The Handmaids Tale

Appearance versus Reality in The Handmaids Tale Imagery is an effective element used by writers. It allows readers to be one with the story and to better comprehend the actions and thoughts conveyed by the author. In Margaret Atwood's The Handmaids Tale, actions and images of Offred and other individuals parallel with the theme of appearance versus reality. These images such as food and nature are reoccurring to further stress the theme. The gustatory and olfactory images of food and perfume, as well as the kinesthetic and visual imagery of cutting flowers and sexual intercourse juxtapose the discontentment of Offred's life as a handmaid. Food is a symbol of fulfillment. As the novel opens, we are quickly associated with it as Rita asks Offred to pick up things from the grocery store. "Fresh eggs, ... cheese, ... steak, ... and peas;" with this image, the reader visualizes the food, as well as smells and tastes it (15). With this vivid boisterous image of food, it appears that Offred and the handmaids are nourished and fulfilled with not only nutrition, but in life as well because food is a symbol of life. But in actuality, Offred is not fulfilled with her life because of the lack of freedom she has, and the remaining handmaids fell the same way. The food that they embellish is not as rich as Atwood's gustatory and olfactory images make them out to be. The handmaids' diets are controlled, especially those of expecting mothers, by other individuals. The olfactory image of "lemon oil, heavy cloth, fading daffodils, the leftover smells of cooking, ... and of Serena Joy's perfume: Lily of the Valley," introduc e a new element of reality into the n... ... is an image of appearance versus reality. Serena Joy "grips [Offred's] hands as if it is she, not" Offred, is having intercourse with the Commander (121). On a larger scale, it appears that the utopia is satisfying, but in reality, it is only a fantasy, and amplified vision of sadness. The gustatory and olfactory images of food and perfume, as well as the kinesthetic and visual imagery of cutting flowers and sexual intercourse contrast with the unhappiness of Offred's life as a handmaid in Atwood's novel The Handmaids Tale. Atwood's use of imagery parallel with her use of the theme appearance versus reality. Though all the images of flowers, food, and sex seem to suggest happiness among the inhabitants of the utopia, in reality, they are underlying symbols of the dystopia they represent. Essay on Appearance versus Reality in The Handmaids Tale Appearance versus Reality in The Handmaids Tale Imagery is an effective element used by writers. It allows readers to be one with the story and to better comprehend the actions and thoughts conveyed by the author. In Margaret Atwood's The Handmaids Tale, actions and images of Offred and other individuals parallel with the theme of appearance versus reality. These images such as food and nature are reoccurring to further stress the theme. The gustatory and olfactory images of food and perfume, as well as the kinesthetic and visual imagery of cutting flowers and sexual intercourse juxtapose the discontentment of Offred's life as a handmaid. Food is a symbol of fulfillment. As the novel opens, we are quickly associated with it as Rita asks Offred to pick up things from the grocery store. "Fresh eggs, ... cheese, ... steak, ... and peas;" with this image, the reader visualizes the food, as well as smells and tastes it (15). With this vivid boisterous image of food, it appears that Offred and the handmaids are nourished and fulfilled with not only nutrition, but in life as well because food is a symbol of life. But in actuality, Offred is not fulfilled with her life because of the lack of freedom she has, and the remaining handmaids fell the same way. The food that they embellish is not as rich as Atwood's gustatory and olfactory images make them out to be. The handmaids' diets are controlled, especially those of expecting mothers, by other individuals. The olfactory image of "lemon oil, heavy cloth, fading daffodils, the leftover smells of cooking, ... and of Serena Joy's perfume: Lily of the Valley," introduc e a new element of reality into the n... ... is an image of appearance versus reality. Serena Joy "grips [Offred's] hands as if it is she, not" Offred, is having intercourse with the Commander (121). On a larger scale, it appears that the utopia is satisfying, but in reality, it is only a fantasy, and amplified vision of sadness. The gustatory and olfactory images of food and perfume, as well as the kinesthetic and visual imagery of cutting flowers and sexual intercourse contrast with the unhappiness of Offred's life as a handmaid in Atwood's novel The Handmaids Tale. Atwood's use of imagery parallel with her use of the theme appearance versus reality. Though all the images of flowers, food, and sex seem to suggest happiness among the inhabitants of the utopia, in reality, they are underlying symbols of the dystopia they represent.

Effective Religious Practices Essay

Throughout our history, leaders of various religious sects have used a number of methods, materials, and programs to initiate their followers into a certain ideology or belief system. This has proved to be both useful and destructive over the course of time. We have seen many horrifying events take place in the name of certain religions (Jim Jones, The Peoples Church), and have also seen many cases that could serve as a message of hope for others (Mother Teresa). The outcome of events that are sparked by the formation of a new religious sect, are primarily influenced by the programs and methods used by the sects religious leader, to instruct his followers to believe in certain belief systems, and commit actions that are justified by those underlying beliefs. When analyzing how a religious sect instructs its followers, or disciples, we should analyze both positive and negative correlations shared by various sects, in doing this, we could determine what practices have proved beneficial to society, and which ones have proved to be destructive. When observing certain pastors methods in instructing their followers, we could come to the assumption that a leader who preaches a peaceful and uplifting message is more likely to attractive followers who share the same views, on the other hand, a pastor who preaches destructive and self righteous message is more likely to have a congregation that reflects those same views. For example, Joel Olsten, a pastor at Lakewood church, has a consistent uplifting message that he shares with his congregation on a daily basis. When using this method of preaching, the pastor is not focusing on the negative actions of some of the members of his congregation, (Hell, or Damnation) but rather inspiring them to try harder, or to do better. When a pastor only focuses on topics such as sin, Hell, or damnation, then many members of his congregation will leave feeling ashamed and scared, rather than uplifted and motivated. A useful method that a pastor can use is always having sermons with a positive and uplifting theme, focused on what’s ahead for an individual rather than what they have done in there past. Another useful method practiced by certain pastors is not classifying there religion under a certain categories, such as Catholic, Methodist, or Jehovah Witness, but rather inviting people of all faiths to join, not just a select view. In practicing this, a pastor’s congregation has the potential to grow, without being confined by a certain sect’s moral philosophies. A church is only as powerful as its congregation, the larger the congregation, the more influence a church has in its surrounding communities. When practicing such things, a pastor does not limit himself to one moral view, but rather stays open minded and tolerant to the many views that his congregation may have. If I were to become a pastor, I wouldn’t be subject to one particular faith, but rather welcome any faith to my congregation. I feel that it is important to have a diverse congregation; it teaches people how to be tolerant and appreciative of another persons belief system. This ideology also proves useful in expanding a church’s total number of members, therefore harboring growth and overall success. As a church’s congregation grows, so does its net worth, and its influence in its surrounding communities. Secondly, I would choose to preach messages of hope rather than self-shame. I would want people to come to my church and leave with a renewed vision of hope, so that they are self motivated to become active members in there communities. In my opinion, this would prove to be very effective in increasing the total number of people in my congregation. In conclusion, it is far more beneficial when recruiting members for a congregation, to appeal to everybody’s emotional needs, by preaching an unbiased message that has a theme based in hope, and inspiration.

Living and working in the foreign country Essay

Discuss the advantages and disadvantages of living and working in the foreign country. Currently, many people like going to different countries for working and living. It leads to that there are many positive and negative effects while people live and work in vary foreign country. Some main effects will be discussed in this essay. The first advantage is salary because people are really need money to support their live. Some Vietnamese people, for instance, they like to move to US or Australia for living and working because they think they will get the higher income than in Vietnam and enjoy the standard life. Furthermore, people who want to travel are the poor people and live in the developing country. They may improve their current life and work in the new environment to get more experience. Finally, working and living in a foreign country may have some good benefit by the government after people retire. On the other hand, working and living in a foreign country may bring some disadvantages. Traditional culture is the first disadvantage. It is really hard to live in a country which has a lot different culture. In UK, for example, the state food is very difficult to eat and the cost is very expensive. Next, people will be got homesick because their families are so far from them. Lastly, it is very dangerous when people go abroad for working and living because they do not understand about the new environment that they have to adapt quickly for the short period of time such as the new neighbors or the new law of the area. In short, people should think clearly about this problem. It effect not only on their future life but also their family and the government. They should chose the best advantage for their own business. Revised Currently, many people like going to different countries for working and living. It This leads to that there are many positive and negative effects while which people experience when live living and working in vary a foreign country. Some of these main effects will be discussed in this essay. The first advantage is salary because people are really need money to support their lives. Some Vietnamese people, for instance, they like to move to the US or Australia for living and working because they think they will get the a higher income than in Vietnam and enjoy the a higher standard of life. Furthermore, the people who want to travel are the poor people and who live in the developing countriesy. They may can improve their current life and by working in the a new environment to get more experience. Finally, working and living in a foreign country may have some good benefits by for the government after people retire. On the other hand, working and living in a foreign country may bring some disadvantages. Missing your tTraditional culture is the first disadvantage. It is really hard to live in a country which has a lot very different culture. In the UK, for example, the state local food is very difficult to eat and the cost is very expensive. Next, people will be got get homesick because their families are so far from them. Lastly, it is very dangerous when people go abroad for working and living because they do not understand about the new environment that and they have to adapt quickly for thein a short period of time to things such as the new neighbors or the new laws of the area. In short, people should think clearly about this problem. It effects not only on their future life but also their family and the government. They should choose the best advantage for their own business. Good job with organization and content. Take care with sentence structure and be sure to proofread more carefully.

Fall Webworm, Hyphantria cunea

Fall Webworm, Hyphantria cunea The fall webworm, Hyphantria cunea, builds impressive silk tents that sometimes enclose entire branches. The tents appear in late summer or fall - hence the name fall webworm. Its a common pest of hardwood trees in its native North America. The fall webworm also presents a problem in Asia and Europe, where it was introduced. Description The fall webworm is often confused with eastern tent caterpillars, and sometimes with gypsy moths. Unlike eastern tent caterpillars, the fall webworm feeds within its tent, which encloses foliage at the end of branches. Defoliation by fall webworm caterpillars does not usually cause damage to the tree, since they feed in late summer or fall, just before leaf drop. Control of fall webworm is usually for aesthetic benefit. The hairy caterpillars vary in color and come in two forms: red-headed and black-headed. They tend to be pale yellow or green in color, though some may be darker. Each segment of the caterpillars body has a pair of spots on the back. At maturity, the larvae may reach one inch in length. The adult fall webworm moth is bright white, with a hairy body. Like most moths, the fall webworm is nocturnal and attracted to light. Classification Kingdom - Animalia Phylum - Arthropoda Class - Insecta Order - Lepidoptera Family - Arctiidae Genus - Hyphantria Species - cunea Diet Fall webworm caterpillars will feed on any one of over 100 tree and shrub species. Preferred host plants include hickory, pecan, walnut, elm, alder, willow, mulberry, oak, sweetgum, and poplar. Life Cycle The number of generations per year depends greatly on latitude. Southern populations may complete four generations in one year, while in the north the fall webworm completes only one life cycle. Like other moths, the fall webworm undergoes complete metamorphosis, with four stages: Egg – The female moth deposits several hundred eggs on the undersides of leaves in spring. She covers the mass of eggs with hairs from her abdomen.Larva – In one to two weeks, the larvae hatch and immediately begin spinning their silken tent. Caterpillars feed for up to two months, molting as many as eleven times.Pupa – Once larvae reach their final instar, they leave the web to pupate in leaf litter or bark crevices. Fall webworm overwinters in the pupal stage.Adult – Adults emerge as early as March in the south, but dont fly until late spring or early summer in northern areas. Special Adaptations and Defenses Fall webworm caterpillars develop and feed within the shelter of their tent. When disturbed, they may convulse to dissuade possible predators. Habitat The fall webworm lives in areas where host trees occur, namely hardwood forests and landscapes. Range The fall webworm lives throughout the U.S., northern Mexico, and southern Canada – its native range. Since its accidental introduction into Yugoslavia in the 1940s, Hyphantria cunea has invaded most of Europe, too. The fall webworm also inhabits parts of China and North Korea, again due to the accidental introduction. Other Common Names: Fall Webworm Moth Sources Garden Insects of North America, by Whitney CranshawFall Webworm, G. Keith Douce, Bugwood.orgSpecies Hyphantria cunea - Fall Webworm Moth, Bugguide.net

Trends that older workers need to watch for in 2018

Trends that older workers need to watch for in 2018 Attention Baby Boomers- not all trends are created equal. Each year, we see a variety of new workplace trends take hold, which often vary by industry, geography, and even individual demographics. One of these factors is age- simply put, there are trends in the job world that affect older individuals differently, based on their level of experience, personal needs, comfort level in a rapidly changing work environment, and longevity in the job market. Older workers- specifically Baby Boomers (individuals born between 1946 and 1964), face some unique issues and challenges in the work world. This aging population possesses a wealth of work experience, knowledge, and expertise, but is growing older in a workplace that increasingly prizes youth and vitality, and many are approaching the age where retirement is a consideration. According to a recent Pew Research Center study, approximately 29% of the workforce in the United States- which represents approximately 45 million workers- is part o f the Baby Boomer generation. Although this number continues to shrink each year, it’s still a significant amount of people. Therefore, it’s worth taking a closer look at the trends these older folks can expect to encounter in the workplace in 2018.More flexible work arrangementsAlthough this may not seem like much of a departure from the norm for younger workers, older workers who are typically more used to the traditional Monday to Friday, 9 to 5 office arrangement may need some time to get used to the changing notion of what it means to be â€Å"at work.† Advances in technology have made it easier than ever before to work remotely and telecommute- and older workers will get the opportunity to take more advantage of the flexibility this allows.Baby Boomers who work in fields in which telecommuting is a viable option and possess the technical knowhow can expect to encounter more flexible work arrangements in 2018. This is often a good thing, allowing for a fast er, easier, and less expensive commute to the office- which might now just mean walking into one of the rooms in your house.Rise in contract employmentAnother trend in the workplace that may hit Baby Boomers harder than their younger counterparts is the change in how employers are hiring individuals to meet their needs. Many companies are embracing leaner approaches to work by using technology to get more work done with less people on their payrolls. Companies are also increasingly relying on unorthodox work arrangements, which means a shift from full-time employees and towards a greater reliance on contract, freelance, and part-time workers to get things done.Why is this especially concerning for Baby Boomers? These new workplace arrangements typically don’t include benefits like medical and dental insurance, which usually become more essential as workers get older, so workers are going to have to get creative and seek out alternative means for coverage. Another thing missin g from most forms of contract employment are retirement benefits, which will impact how workers prepare and save for retirement in the future.Delaying retirementSpeaking of retirement†¦a growing trend that many older workers are facing is the notion of having to delay exiting the workforce for as long as possible. According to a recent article by U.S. News World Report, this can be attributable to a wide range of factors, including older workers not having enough money saved, needing health insurance, desiring to stay active and productive, and simply enjoying working and passing on their knowledge and skills to a new generation of employees. Whether by choice or not, older workers who are looking to delay retirement are going to have to learn how to effectively navigate the changing landscape of the work world and plan for the future.These are the biggest trends older workers can expect to encounter in 2018. Those employees who will prove most successful in coping with a rapi dly evolving workplace will stay one step ahead of these trends and strategize accordingly.

Developing an Evaluation Plan Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Developing an Evaluation Plan - Assignment Example The tools that will be used in the evaluation process include questionnaires, surveys, assessment tests, and weight scales. This paper aims at analyzing the methods of evaluating the project and their outcomes. Interviews are the main method of carrying out the evaluation process. The interviews will be conducted face to face by the dietician and the physical exercise instructor. This is because these individuals have the knowledge of the project and they have the ability to interpret the non-verbal communication of the participants (Napoli, Shah, Waters, Sinacore, Qualls, & Villareal, 2014). In case these tutors need help they will recruit individuals who will help them to conduct the implementation and evaluation of the results. The diet and exercise tutors will also be involved in the interviews because they have knowledge of the questions that will help them to get the desired results (Wadden, & Stunkard, 2004). The face to face interviews will help in determining the attitudes and perceptions of the staff and participants who will take part in the project. These attitudes and perceptions will then help to know whether these members are willing to stop or continue taking part in the program. The interviews are efficient because they help the research to get unlimited, well-explained, and detailed responses. The other efficiency of interviews stems from the fact that the interviewers are able to read and interpret the body language of the respondents (Kang, 2012). The second method of evaluating the program is the use of questionnaires. Questionnaires are documents that contain questions that require written responses from the respondents. The questionnaires will be administered to the respondents occasionally to find out how they will be progressing with the program. The documents will contain both closed and open-ended questions to allow for